Insulin Resistance

Insulin resistance underpins multiple cardiometabolic conditions with growing assessment options. The session covers HOMA-IR vs clamp methods, the role of liver and muscle insulin resistance, GLP-1 effects on insulin sensitivity, lifestyle interventions (DASH, Mediterranean, time-restricted feeding), emerging insulin sensitisers, and pediatric insulin resistance epidemiology. Discussion addresses ectopic fat (liver, muscle, pancreas) and insulin resistance, the inflammation-IR link including IL-6 and TNF-α, mitochondrial dysfunction, the comparison of metformin vs newer agents for IR, the role of physical activity dose and timing, and the integration of IR assessment in primary care.